THE FALL OF THE HOUSE OF USHER by Edgar Allan Poe

 

The narrator of the story goes to visit an old friend named Roderick Usher, who has written to him asking him to come quickly. Roderick is ill. His family has no descendents so it will soon “die out.” The family estate also is not in good condition.  When the narrator arrives, he finds the house in a state of dark decay. There is a long, zigzag crack on the outside of the house.

Roderick says he is mainly ill because he is worried about his sister Madeline, who is also very ill with some unknown disease. If she dies, Roderick will be the last Usher.  The men spend several days together until Roderick announces that Madeline has died. They place her body in the family burial area, an underground room. The narrator finds it interesting that Madeleine has a faint glow about her even though she is dead.

During the following week, Usher continues his downfall. One evening he comes to the narrator’s room and he is very upset because a heavy cloud appears to hang over the house. The narrator tries to calm him by reading a book. As they are reading they begin to hear noises that sound like the house is falling apart. Later they hear screams. Eventually, the narrator learns that Madeleine has been buried alive.  She manages to escape her tomb, finds her brother, and flings herself upon him.

The narrator escapes the horror of the situation by running away, but as he leaves he glances backwards and sees the house caving in.

 

 

            OLD MAN AND THE SEA by Ernest Hemmingway

        Key Characters:

Santiago – old fisherman in a Cuban fishing village
Manolin – young boy who respects Santiago

The Marlin – although it is only a fish, Hemmingway’s writing explores the fish’s emotions and motivations.

The Sharks – attach and eat Santiago’s marlin

 

Santiago is losing the respect of the townspeople because he hasn’t caught a fish in 84 days. Santiago’s helper, a young boy named Manolin, can no longer go fishing with the old man who is believed to be unlucky.  Despite the troubles, Santiago remains stoic, never complaing to anyone. Manolin, however, knows Santiago is struggling. He tries to help by bringing food to the old man and keeping him company. They discuss baseball, and Santiago talks about Joe DiMaggio, his hero.

 

Holding no resentment toward the boy, Santiago heads to sea alone. The following day a large marlin takes his bait. Despite near exhaustion and weakness from old age, Santiago struggles to hold on to the fish as the day passes. His hands ache and cramp, but he does not give up. Although he wants to kill the fish, Santiago also respects and loves the fish because it is tough and persistant like himself. Eventually Santiago reels in the fish, which is so big it cannot fit into the boat. As Santiago heads home, sharks attack the fish. Santiago fights to keep them away, but before reaching shore the sharks eat the big fish, leaving only a skeleton. Although all appears lost, Santiago regains the respect of the townspeople when they see the large fish skeleton.